When doing business in Spain, understanding the tax system is of vital importance for foreign companies. An essential aspect of taxation in Spain is the Tax Identification Number (NIE), a unique identifier assigned to individuals and companies for tax purposes.
In this blog post, we will look at the importance of the NIE, its uses and the process of obtaining it for foreign companies operating in Spain.
What is the NIE?
According to the Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación of Spain. The NIE is a personal, unique and exclusive number that is assigned to foreigners who, for economic, professional, or social reasons, are engaged in activities related to Spain and require identification in this country.
A NIE obtained via the Consular Office identifies the bearer to all levels of the Spanish public administration, but does not entitle the holder to reside in Spain or prove residence there.
Foreigners who wish to become residents in Spain must be aware of the possible need to obtain a visa beforehand. Citizens of the European Union, once established in Spain, must register at the Central Registry of Foreign Nationals.
IMPORTANT
There is some confusion in the use of the terms NIE, certificate of registration as an EU national, and TIE, so it is very important that you find out the document you need before applying for it.
How to to apply for a NIE at the Consular Office
Applying for a NIE is a common procedure for foreigners who need an identification number before arriving in Spain. Here’s what you need to do to apply for an NIE at the consulate:
- EX-15 standard application form, completed and signed by the applicant or representative. The application form must indicate the economic, professional, or social reasons that justify the NIE application.
- Original of the applicant’s valid passport and a copy of the passport’s biographical data page.
Nationals of Member States of the European Union may identify themselves with their identity document (original and one copy, front and back).
If the application is presented by a representative, only the certified copy of the document should be provided. - If the NIE is requested via a representative, the original and a copy of the representative’s identity document or passport must also be presented, together with a power of attorney in which it is expressly stated that this representative is empowered to present the NIE application.
- If the applicant is a minor or is incapacitated, a copy of the family record book or the birth certificate or the guardianship document must be presented. In addition, the valid passport or ID of the parent or guardian must be shown.
- Document proving residence in the Consular area.
- Form 790, code 12, duly completed and payment of the corresponding fee.
It’s essential to follow the specific instructions provided by the Consular Office where you plan to apply for the NIE, as procedures may vary slightly from one office to another. Additionally, be aware that the information provided here is based on the process at the time of writing, and it’s always advisable to verify the current requirements and procedures with the relevant authorities before proceeding with the application.
In conclusion, obtaining a Tax Identification Number (NIE) is a fundamental step for foreign companies operating in Spain. This unique identifier not only facilitates compliance with tax obligations but also serves as an essential tool for various business and legal activities in the country.
As always, seeking professional legal advice can greatly assist foreign companies in navigating the complexities of the Spanish tax system and ensuring proper compliance with all requirements related to the NIE.
